Which statement describes the Theory of Evolution?

• A. Cell Theory
• B. Natural Selection
• C. Theory of Evolution
• D. Genetic Drift

Answer: (D)

Evolution is the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations, driven by several processes. Genetic drift describes random shifts in those frequencies caused by chance events. In small populations, these random changes can have a big impact, potentially increasing or eliminating certain alleles simply by luck, not by any advantage or trait value. Because this option points to a mechanism that directly produces evolutionary change, it aligns with describing how evolution occurs in real populations.

Natural selection is also a mechanism that drives evolution, but it explains why certain traits become more common due to differential survival or reproduction, rather than describing evolution as a whole. Cell theory is about cells being the basic units of life, not about how populations evolve. The label “Theory of Evolution” is a broader description of the idea itself, but naming a specific mechanism that causes evolutionary change makes genetic drift the best response among the options.