Which term describes an organism that breaks down wastes and dead matter?

• A. Producer
• B. Decomposer
• C. Primary consumer
• D. Secondary consumer

Answer: (B)

Decomposers are the organisms that break down wastes and dead matter, recycling nutrients back into the environment. By feeding on this material, they release minerals like nitrogen and phosphorus that plants can reuse, keeping the nutrient cycle going in ecosystems. Common examples include fungi and bacteria.

This term fits because it specifically describes the job of decomposing, not making food or eating living organisms. Producers use energy from sunlight or chemicals to make their own food; primary consumers eat producers; secondary consumers eat other consumers. Those roles involve obtaining energy through consumption, not breaking down waste.